The schistosome granuloma: characterization of lymphocyte migration, activation, and cytokine production.

Activation, and Cytokine Production Characterization of Lymphocyte Migration, The Schistosome Granuloma:

Disruption of the ICOS-B7RP-1 costimulatory pathway leads to enhanced hepatic immunopathology and increased gamma interferon production by CD4 T cells in murine schistosomiasis.

Morbidity and mortality in schistosomiasis are largely due to an immune response mediated by CD4 T lymphocytes. Since lymphocyte activation is shaped by costimulatory signals, the specific functions of different costimulatory pathways are of increasing interest. We now examined the role of the inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS) and its ligand B7-related protein 1 (B7RP-1) in the experiment...

Chronic schistosome infection leads to modulation of granuloma formation and systemic immune suppression

Schistosome worms have been infecting humans for millennia, but it is only in the last half century that we have begun to understand the complexities of this inter-relationship. As our sophistication about the inner workings of every aspect of the immune system has increased, it has also become obvious that schistosome infections have broad ranging effects on nearly all of the innate and adapti...

Experimental murine schistosomiasis in the absence of B7 costimulatory molecules: reversal of elicited T cell cytokine profile and partial inhibition of egg granuloma formation.

The granulomatous inflammation in infection with the helminth Schistosoma mansoni represents a cellular hypersensitivity reaction mediated by, and dependent upon, MHC class II-restricted CD4+ Th cells sensitized to parasite egg Ags. The current work examines the role and significance of the B7:CD28/CTLA-4 pathway in providing the costimulation necessary for the activation of these pathogenic T ...

Exacerbation of granuloma formation in IL-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice with impaired dendritic cell maturation associated with Th2 cytokine production.

Dendritic cell (DC) maturation at the site of inflammation and migration into draining lymph nodes is fundamental to initiate Ag-specific immune responses. Although several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, are known to promote DC maturation in vitro, their contributions to DC activation and migration within peripheral inflamed tissue compartments are not yet fully understood. We show ...